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Tuesday, August 28, 2012

Super-fertilty Miscarriage Theory


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Some women may be letting even poor quality embryos implant

"Super-fertility" may explain why some women have multiple miscarriages, according to a team of doctors.

They say the wombs of some women are too good at letting embryos implant, even those of poor quality which should be rejected.

The UK-Dutch study published in the journal PLoS ONE said the resulting pregnancies would then fail, reports the BBC.

One expert welcomed the findings and hoped a test could be developed for identifying the condition in women.

Recurrent miscarriages - losing three or more pregnancies in a row - affect one in 100 women in the UK.

Doctors at Princess Anne Hospital in Southampton and the University Medical Center Utrecht, took samples from the wombs of six women who had normal fertility and six who had had recurrent miscarriages.

High or low-quality embryos were placed in a channel created between two strips of the womb cells.

Cells from women with normal fertility started to grow and reach out towards the high-quality embryos. Poor-quality embryos were ignored.

However, the cells of women who had recurrent miscarriages started to grow towards both kinds of embryo.

Prof Nick Macklon, a consultant at the Princess Anne Hospital, said: "Many affected women feel guilty that they are simply rejecting their pregnancy.

"But we have discovered it may not be because they cannot carry, [but] it is because they may simply be super-fertile, as they allow embryos which would normally not survive to implant."

He added: "When poorer embryos are allowed to implant, they may last long enough in cases of recurrent miscarriage to give a positive pregnancy test."

This theory still needs further testing and will not explain all miscarriages.

Dr Siobhan Quenby, from the Royal College Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, told the BBC: "This theory is really quite attractive. It is lovely. It's a really important paper that will change the way we think about implantation."

"It had been thought that rejecting normal embryos resulted in miscarriage, but what explains the clinical syndrome is that everything is being let in."

She said research would now need to discover whether this could be tested for in women and whether their receptiveness to embryos could be altered.

Thisday news

Etisalat introduces prizes for broadband innovation

Etisalat Nigeria has introduced the ‘Etisalat Prize for Innovation’ to reward the most innovative mobile broadband product or service in Africa.

The company, in a statement on Monday, said the award would reward corporate organisations; small and growing businesses as well as individuals developing advanced mobile broadband solutions and platforms in Africa.

Aimed at encouraging drivers of mobile broadband use in Africa, the telecoms company said the award would be in two categories. The first prize of $25, 000 is for the most innovative product or service inaugurated in the last 12 months and a second prize of $10,000 for the most innovative idea.

Commenting on the development, the Chief Executive Officer, Etisalat Nigeria, Mr. Steven Evans said, “The importance of Africa as a growth market for mobile broadband is clearly evident, as the continent remains the fastest growing telecommunications market in the world. Over the past few years, Africa has witnessed a dramatic increase in mobile broadband connections mainly due to the surge in mobile broadband connections in Nigeria.

“At Etisalat, we believe that the next big thing in telecommunications in Nigeria and Africa in general is broadband and we are pushing this agenda very seriously being the first to inaugurate a 3.75G network in Nigeria.”

Evans said the entries for the award, which opened on August 16, 2012 and will remain open till September 6, must show demonstrable impact on broadband usage, impressive uptake from customers and would have made a visible commercial or social impact in the community.

Evan, further said, “We have inaugurated this award because we realise the importance of innovative broadband projects, products and services which have improved the way we live and work. Innovation is core to our business strategy at Etisalat and we see ourselves as a young and innovative business setting the pace for others in the Nigerian telecommunications industry.”

The award, according to him, will be one of the major attractions at the 15th Annual Africa Com Conference scheduled to take place in Cape Town, South Africa in November 2012.

Punch news

Pharmacists, two others arraigned for Cynthia’s murder •To be buried Sept 7


Cynthia and the suspects
A Yaba Chief Magistrate’s Court, Lagos, was filled to capacity on Monday as the police arraigned four suspects for the murder of Cynthia Osokogu, daughter of Maj-Gen Frank Osukogu (retd.), on July 22, 2012.

The accused – Okwumo Nwabufo (33), Ezike Olisaeloka (23), Orji Osita (32) and Maduakor Chukwunonso (25) – were charged with eight offences.

Nwabufo and Olisaeloka are students while Osita and Chukwunonso are pharmacists.

Some of the charges levelled against the accused were murder, rape, robbery, administering an obnoxious substance to the deceased without her consent.

The charge sheet read in part, “That you (accused persons) and others at large, between 9pm on July 21, 2012 and 12pm of July 22, 2012 at Room C1, Cosmilla Hotel, Lakeview Estate, Amuwo Odofin, FESTAC, Lagos, in the Magisterial District, conspired among yourselves to commit felony to wit; murder and thereby committed an offence punishable under Section 231 of the Criminal Laws of Lagos State, 2011.

“That you (accused persons) and others at large, on the said date, unlawfully killed Cynthia Osokogu by administering her with an obnoxious substance known as Rohpynol Flunitrazepam tablets via a Ribena fruit drink, binding her hands with chain, padlock and taping her legs, neck and mouth, giving her fist blows and several human bites, tortured and strangled her to death, thereby committing an offence punishable under Section 221 of the Criminal Law of Lagos State, 2011.

“That you (accused persons) and others at large on same date and place did unlawfully have sexual intercourse with one Cynthia Osokogu without her consent and thereby committed an offence punishable under section 258(1) of the criminal Law of Lagos State, 2011.”

The accused persons were also charged with robbing the deceased of her BlackBerry phone, passport, driving licence, shoes, hand bag, artificial sex toy vibrator, three wristwatches, four rings, three pairs of earrings and other properties.

Mr. Chukwu Agwu, the police prosecutor, prayed the court to remand the accused persons in prison custody.

The Magistrate, Mr Olalekan Aka-Bashorun, said the accused persons should be remanded in prison custody pending the advice of the Director of Public Prosecutions.

The case was adjourned till October 3, 2012.

A mini-drama however unfolded outside the court room as journalists and members of the public scrambled to take pictures of the accused persons.

The lawyer of the pharmacists, who refused to identify himself, tried to prevent our correspondent from taking pictures.

“The pharmacists are not killers. Their charges were only mixed up with those of the other two suspects (Nwabufo and Olisaeloka),” he said.

Meanwhile, the Osokogu family has said Cynthia would be buried on September 7, 2012 at Bebe, Ovia Agbor, Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State.

Mrs. Joy Osokogu, told the News Agency of Nigeria in Jos, Plateau State that her daughter was “very industrious, hardworking and a respectful child.”

She advised youths to be very cautious of making friends with people that they do not know.

She said, “Youths should be very careful, especially when they are making friends on the social media. Like we have seen in the case of my daughter, such friends may have ulterior motives.”

Punch news

Renal Failure:A Patient in Need of Financial Help


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Mrs. Josephine Chielo
Mrs. Josephine Chielo, who is a victim of renal failure misdiagnosis,needs immediate financial intervention to help her seek proper medical treatment for her worsening health condition, writes Steve Dada

Before October last year, Mrs. Josephine Chielo was full of life and she eagerly looked forward to accomplishing some of her set out goals. She did not have the slightest inkling of what fate had in stock for her. The bubbling Chielo later became a shadow of herself due to an end stage kidney failure whichhas rendered her completely incapacitated. The unwanted visitor had crept into the family of Chilelos and turned the family’s joy into anguish and misery. Today, the mother of six can hardly do anything on her own without assistance from a family member.

Chielo’s second child, Jennifer bore a heavy heart and so much emotion when she walked into THISDAY Corporate headquarters, Apapa, Lagos, recently to narrate the story of her beloved mother. She was agitated and feasibly worried about the plight of her mother who has been bed-ridden at the St-Nicholas Hospital where arrangement is on to get her new kidney for survival. She was also more desperate because of the claim by the doctor that her mother is not responding to treatment which makes her matter very critical. In the next few days, Chielo needs to get a transplant done if she has to survive.

Narrating her ordeal, Jennifer who resides at number 2, Modupe Street, Anifowose, Ikeja with her parents and siblings said her mother’s health started deteriorating in October last year, having been diabetic for some years and due to the diabetes, she ran into coma and then her kidneys were affected and also one of her eyes, which she claimed can no longer see.

“But we didn’t have any idea of her true health situation.We were just treating her for the main thing (diabetes). We first took her to the First Foundation Hospital, Enugu, from there to the general hospital and thereafter to Adekemi Hospital, from where we took her to Total Health Hospital in Lagos. We have been taking her round until about three weeks ago when we took her to St-Nicholas Hospital and there they told us she has an end stage kidney failure,’’ she stated.

Jennifer said it has reached a stage where her mother’s kidneys can no longer be reversed and the only option now is for her do a kidney transplant. According to Jennifer, though her mother is on dialysis now but she is not responding to dialysis, “because she kept shaking and the whole thing is eating her up badly.That is why we need help,” she said.

She said her mother since last year had been treated of coma and low blood and there was no sign of any improvement. “We have been trying to know why her blood has been going down since last year, we have been treating her and we have not been seeing anything. We have been able to revive her from coma many times. We were treating her for diabetes and we never knew that it was kidney problem,” she narrated.

Continuing she said, her sugar level now is normal and the diabetes is not her problem now.What we are now fighting for is just the kidney issue,” Jennifer said.

An expert at St-Nicholas Hospital, Dr. EbunBangboye, said that the treatment of kidney failure is beyond the financial capacity of any family no matter how rich. “After the transplant has been concluded and a success is recorded, that is not the end, the transplant has to be sustained with the aid of drugs, to forestall a situation that can cause it to relapse,” he noted.

Due to the post-transplant management financial requirement, as the patient requires an average of N150, 000 to buy drugs that would be needed for the sustenance of the transplant monthly, the whooping amount for the rest of life he noted is huge for any family’s financial outlay.

Talking about chronic kidney disease, which according to him is approaching an epidemic proportion, he described it as a gradual progressive and often irreversible decline in kidney function, while on the other hand the acute kidney failure may be reversible.

The medical expert hinted that the use of concoction (native medicine) from certain study has shown that the consumption of the unregulated dosage of such drugs may have escalated the rate of kidney attack in Nigeria and warned that more researches should be conducted on native medicine for proper treatment of ailments.

In children, the expert attributed the causes of kidney failure in our environment to congenital abnormalities and chronic glomerulonephritis (often a complication of chronic infections) as the commonest ones and on a general note, other preventable causes include misuse and abuse of analgesic and toxic nephropathy, stressing that people of African origin are four times more likely to develop kidney failure than Caucasians.

“It is estimated that about 10 per cent of the population of the world has some degree of kidney failure or the other, while in Nigeria certain sentinel studies suggest a prevalence of 18 per cent of the population and that some ethic groups may be more prone than others,’’ he noted.

The problem leading to high prevalence of the disease could be as a result of the fact that most patients present late in the illness, at a point where dialysis and transplantation are required and often misdiagnosed with multiple co-morbidity coupled with the fact that dialysis centres in Nigeria are few in number, while available ones are mainly restricted to urban areas with very few machines which are often without adequately trained and motivated staff.

The patient’s husband, Mr. RomanusChielo, retired from the Nigeria Airways in 2002 while hereldest daughter Chioma, is currently a contract staff with Stambic IBTC bank earning little salary. Jennifer, who is currently performing her National Youth Service Corps (NYSC), teaches in a secondary school. Her immediate junior brother, Ikenna, is in a higher institution, while the next child, Faith, is in a secondary school and the last two,Nnenna and Obiageli are both in the primary school.

“We have been finding it difficult to cope and it has not been easy at all. In fact everybody has to be on course now because most of the funds we have are just going to my mother’s health and it has not been easy for us at all,” Jennifer said.

The problem the family is facing is running them bankrupt and it might end the educational pursuits of the children. This is what their mother could not get which she was struggling to give to her children before falling sick. “But for now we are not even sure of their next term going to school, they might have to pause for a while, until we have settled with the problem to an extent before they can now begin schooling again,’’ she lamented.

She needs five million naira for the transplant and N1.5million for the post-transplant drugs. “We don’t have anything now even to keep up with dialysis is a problem. Because of her situation sometimes we pay about N60,000 and we have to dialyse her two times in a week, the least we have paid is N55, 000. They have to give her series of injections and other things with the dialysis.”

For this, Chielos are appealing to kind-hearted Nigerians, corporate bodies, philanthropists and general public to assist in helping the family to raise the sum of N6.5 million currently standing between Josephine Chielo and survival. Such money could be paid into thisaccount number- 1016458793 of United Bank for Africa (UBA).



Thisday news

Pea Plant Grows Inside Man's Lung


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Pea pods


A Massachusetts man who was rushed to hospital with a collapsed lung came home with an unusual diagnosis: a pea plant was growing in his lung.

Ron Sveden had been battling emphysema for months when his condition deteriorated.

He was steeling himself for a cancer diagnosis when X-rays revealed the growth in his lung, reports the BBC.

Doctors believe that Sveden ate the pea at some point, but it "went down the wrong way" and sprouted.

"One of the first meals I had in the hospital after the surgery had peas for the vegetable. I laughed to myself and ate them," Sveden told a local Boston TV reporter.

Sveden said the plant was about half an inch (1.25cm) in size.

"Whether this would have gone full-term and I'd be working for the Jolly Green Giant, I don't know. I think the thing that finally dawned on me is that it wasn't the cancer," Sveden said.

He is currently recovering at home with his wife Nancy, who joked that God must have a sense of humour.

Thisday news

Varsity should focus on agric — Okebukola Nigeria needs more unskilled graduates — Olurode


Former Executive Secretary, National Universities Commission, Prof. Peter Okebukola and National Commissioner, Independent National Electoral Commission, Prof. Lai Olurode
Two university dons in these interviews by Olabisi Deji-Folutile, Prof. Peter Okebukola, former Executive Secretary, National Universities Commission and Prof. Lai Olurode, National Commissioner, Independent National Electoral Commission, share their perspectives on why Nigerian graduates are taking up menial jobs and the responsibilities of both the government and students in increasing the worth of a Nigerian graduate.

Okebukola

How will you access the worth of a Nigerian degree?

The Nigerian university degree, in spite of pervasive sneer by the public, is still fairly respectable. The worth actually observes the normal curve for students who are trained in regular, full-time degree programmes. In Nigerian universities, quality of training is very fair with about two-thirds falling in the average category and a handful in the exceptionally good and exceptionally mediocre categories. For graduates from part-time programmes and programmes offered in satellite campuses, over 60 per cent are sub-standard. This group constitutes the bulk of graduates which the label of poor quality applies. The Punch newspapers has periodically reported “confessions” by officials of UK and US universities of the impressive quality of graduates from Nigerian universities undertaking postgraduate studies in their countries. This is an external validation of the respectable worth of the degree from Nigerian universities. That is not to say that the bad apples are not in the basket of the good apples. We still have a room, large room, for improvement!

On the average, how much does the Federal Government spend per annum on an undergraduate in a federal university in the form of subsidy?

On the average, the Federal Government spends about N365, 000 to subsidise an undergraduate in a federal university. This estimate is a 2012 projection from the 2006 unit cost of university education. The range is from N345, 000 for arts and N680, 000 for medicine and engineering. Subsidy comes in the form of full payment of staff salaries and some grant for running cost and capital development from the Federal Ministry of Finance and capital grant and payment for some academic and support services by TETFund.

Why are graduates finding it difficult to create wealth?

Some of the reasons why graduates find difficulty with creating wealth include deficit in entrepreneurial training offered by our universities and high cost of doing business in Nigeria.

Is there need for further review of the university curriculum to encourage entrepreneurial studies?

The dynamic nature of the curriculum accords it the necessity for periodic review. The National Universities Commission Benchmark Minimum Standards document on Entrepreneurship is less than two years old. On the 25th of June, 2012, the conference of Directors of Entrepreneurship Centres in our universities held at Kwara State University, undertook a review. I have no doubt that the output from the conference will influence revision of the curriculum at the appropriate time.

What can universities do in terms of the training they give to stem the tide of unemployment?

Universities need to keep an eye on national manpower requirements and ensure a match with enrolment into disciplines. Also practical, rather than theory-laden entrepreneurial studies need to gain better traction. From the 2011 survey I conducted, about 19 per cent of our universities are yet to infuse entrepreneurship into their curriculum and implement same in a productive way.

What is the way forward?

At the level of government, we should accelerate the growth rate of sectors such as agriculture which can generate employment or foster the creation of small businesses by graduates. Steps such as provision of power should be taken to reduce the overhead cost of doing business. Easier way of securing loans for small businesses by graduates should also be promoted by government.

Government should also establish a National Entrepreneurial Education Framework. A rallying point for all activities in entrepreneurial education should be the national entrepreneurial education framework. This specifies the national philosophy, objectives and implementation scheme for the programme sector-wide. Today, the focus is on higher education. This is patchwork as we have left the lower levels of education out of the picture. Yet, entrepreneurial education is typically kindled at the secondary level. The Presidency, through the Federal Ministry of Education should expand the frontier of entrepreneurial education delivery beyond higher education. A broad-based national committee on entrepreneurial education is proposed. The National Council on Education should set up this committee with federal and state actors as members.

At the level of the university, three suggestions are offered. The entrepreneurial studies curriculum should be laden with practical concepts in entrepreneurship. It should focus on the development of enterprise that will rapidly grow the Nigerian economy. It should not just be about soap making, barbing and fashion design but about those small and medium scale businesses that are related to areas of top economic priority of Nigeria e.g. power, manufacturing and agriculture. While there should be a general entrepreneurial studies curriculum for the university of the GNS type, every department should sprinkle entrepreneurial topics into relevant courses. The University of Ibadan model is an example.

Second is partnership. The importance of partnership in the successful implementation of entrepreneurial education should be stressed. Partnership with the National Directorate of Employment is one of such important links. Neighbouring universities also need to partner to share resources. The demand on each university in the conglomerate lightens with such arrangement as human and material resources are shared. Third is the setting up of an Entrepreneurship Observatory. Universities should set up an observatory for scanning businesses that are worthwhile in their vicinity and where funds can be sourced to support start up businesses by students.

Olurode

How will you access the worth of a Nigerian degree?

Its worth is low. The Nigerian degree is not even worth the paper it has been written upon. When I see first class and second-class graduates, I’m not moved until I know their worth. A large number of then can’t write a sentence without making mistakes.

What is the sociological implication of the corporate firms seeking to hire graduates as truck drivers or for menial jobs?

I don’t blame them. They have to screen. One can be a graduate, but until you penetrate the individual’s worth, that degree may be with a comma. And all this is costing employers’ money, because they spend money training and retraining these graduates. If a university graduate finds it hard writing a sentence, how much more an under graduate? These companies have no other choice than to employ graduates. The foundation has gone rotten

Why are graduates finding it hard to create wealth?

The skills needed to create wealth have not been imbibed in them. They lack the training. They go to school to train for jobs. Meanwhile, we live in a country that is in demand for labour. There are so many things to do. These graduates have resisted the training to create wealth. They want fast money. To create wealth, one needs to read wide, get mentorship. Graduates of today don’t have the time. People with ideas are scarce.

Is there need to further review the university curriculum to encourage entrepreneurial studies?

This won’t be a bad idea. Entrepreneurship is a global agenda. There are so many opportunities. Nigeria needs more un-skilled graduates to function in areas like carpentry for example. We need to sit down and redirect labour into these areas. We should give graduates the opportunity to be relevant. They should be taught how to set up businesses and how to manage their clientele. But we must do things right. Entrepreneurial study is much deeper than what we see.

What can universities do in terms of the training they give to stem this tide?

The total budget of all our universities cannot be compared to the budget of one university abroad. Most of our universities are over-stretched. We have lecturers jumping from one institution to the other. When you stretch quality, you compromise quality. Our universities lack good facilities, laboratories, internet facilities.

Money has now become the focus. And Nigerians don’t mind paying anything to acquire a degree.

What is the way forward?

Good education can be pursued if we uproot greed from our system. The greed in the sector is much, and it cuts across other sectors of the economy. We need ethical re-armament. Once the greed for money is uprooted, we will move forward.

Punch news

Federer targets record sixth U.S. Open title


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ROGER Federer aims to cap his dramatic renaissance by becoming the first man in 87 years to win six titles in the season’s last Grand Slam event, which began yesterday.

The world No.1 currently has five New York wins, a mark he shares with United States (U.S.) legends, Pete Sampras and Jimmy Connors, an equal-best performance in the Open era.

But the last man to win six was Bill Tilden, who achieved the feat in the strictly amateur days of 1925 before finishing his career with seven in 1929. Having just turned 31, Federer is back at world number one thanks to a record-equalling seventh Wimbledon title, his 17th Grand Slam trophy.

He was a silver medallist at the Olympics and has six tour titles in total this year, a statistic capped by a record fifth Cincinnati Masters where he swept past Novak Djokovic in the final.

Federer won his five straight U.S. Open titles between 2004 and 2008 but missed the chance of a sixth in 2009 when he lost a five-set thriller to Argentine Juan Martin del Potro. Rafael Nadal, missing through injury this year, and Djokovic claimed the 2010 and 2011 editions.

Federer’s record at the majors remains one of outstanding consistency - he has reached the quarter-finals or better at 33 consecutive Grand Slam tourneys. 12 months ago, he squandered match points and lost to Djokovic in the semi-finals in New York, but has gone 56-7 in 2012.



The Guardian news

Gombe disburses N120m scholarships

THE Gombe State government has made available N120 million scholarships for the state’s indigenes studying in various higher institutions of learning across the nation.

The Commissioner for Higher Education, Dr. Isa Mohammed Wade, who made this known to reporters yesterday in the state capital, said the decision of the state government was to make the students committed to their academic programmes.

He said the disbursement would be done through the newly introduced e-card, with the code-name: “The Talba Bursary Card.”

Wade said the newly-introduced mechanism was part of the state government’s policy to address some of the hindrances often encountered in the payment of scholarships to students from the state.

He said: “It is an e-wallet that enables students to access their scholarships whenever the government pays,” adding that “It is just like the ATM card.”



The Guardian news

Luck runs out on Goodluck Sunday over N3,000


Late--Goodluck-Sunday
HIS name was Goodluck Sunday , his nickname ‘Youngest’ and for a time, luck was really on his side and good things were coming his way in the highly suspect-business of allotting portions of land or space to traders in the Mile 12 area of Kosofe Local Council of Lagos State.

He was also a member of the Nigeria Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) and an amateur boxer, tough as could be and commanded respect among members of the union because he could fight.

But it was in the allocation of spaces to traders who could not afford shops and stalls that Sunday made real money, which turned out to be his undoing .

Last Monday, a trader who had been allocated space paid N3,000.00 and one of his apprentices , identified only as Kola felt strongly that it was his turn to collect the fee.

He was said to have argued that he scouted for the needy traders and that he should get the N3,000.00 , a position which Sunday disagreed with .

“As a result , a fight broke out between him and Kola”, a witness told The Guardian.

“Kola was not as strong and was getting badly beaten up when he reached into his pocket, brought out a sharp metal object and stabbed Goodluck in the chest.”

Confirming the incident, Chairman, NURTW, Ketu/Alapere, Kehind Ojo , popularly known in the area as ‘Ruwa’ told The Guardian “that luck was against him that day Sunday had misunderstanding with his apprentice, Kola over who gets the N3,000.00.

“Sunday was the superior, but something went wrong and they started to fight and then Kola stabbed him and he slumped immediately.

“He died even before he could be rushed to the nearest hospital, maybe because the stab was at his heart .

“There was blood everywhere and people ran away.

“We went and called the police at Ketu-Alapere Police Division , but before they arrived, Kola had escaped.” A source at the Ketu-Alapere Divisional Police Station confirmed the incident to The Guardian but insisted the Divisional Police Officer was not available for more comments.

“It was an already , cold body we found on the ground at the scene, and we brought it to the station before it was taken to Ikorodu General Hosp[ital mortuary. “ No member of his family was present but the chairman and some members NURTW accompanied us from the scene to the station and to Ikorodu”, the source said.

When The Guardian visited the area, several traders decried the activities of the so-called Omonile who let out spaces at exorbitant rates .

“They are thugs and bullies ,forcing us to pay monthly rent for space that would have been empty .

“If you resist, they beat you up or overturn your table and destroy your goods” one of the traders said.

Another complained that “aside from the rent, they still extort money from us for lorries or any vehicle that comes to offload our goods and if the driver resists, it is bigger trouble.”



The Guardian news

‘Abuja not designed for common man’


Bala-Mohammed
THE Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Minister, Bala Mohammed, at the weekend stunned his audience when he disclosed that the Abuja Master Plan was not envisaged to accommodate the needs of the common man.

Mohammed spoke at the formal signing of the agreement for an Addendum of Variation of Scope Contract with the Chinese Civil Engineering Construction Company (CCECC) to facilitate the completion of the multi-billion naira Abuja Light Rail Project, which commenced in 2006 but had been comatose since then due to lack of funds.

His words: “With all regrets, Abuja initially did not capture the needs and aspiration of the common people and the middle level manpower that we have in terms of affordable housing.”

According to the minister, Abuja, the nation’s capital was designed to accommodate only a million people, but that the territory now has a population of about four to five million people living in the area thereby putting pressure on available infrastructural facilities.

“Abuja has more than four to five million people living in a place where it is supposed to be inhabited with only about a million people at the moment,” he said.

The FCT minister, however, disclosed that the government was poised to provide infrastructural facilities at the satellite towns of the territory to give comfort to the middle class workforce that lives outside the city centre, and whose earnings may not afford them the luxury of private and chauffeur-driven vehicles.

“At the end of the day we are going to reduce the pressure on our corridors by using the mass transit scheme to be provided by the Abuja Rail Project and the employment opportunity it will provide for the population.

“We are going to provide employment opportunities for over one million people. And you can see that when people come to Abuja they try to stay anyhow. I am sorry with all apology and regrets that Abuja initially did not capture the needs and aspiration of the common people and the middle level manpower that we have in terms of affordable housing,” he said.

But Mohammed assured that President Goodluck Jonathan had given the FCT administration the marching order to look inward and facilitate the provision of housing for the people in that category in order to address the numerous social impediments normally presented by them.



The Guardian news

UNFPA seeks increased investment in youths


UNFPA
WITH the right investments, young people can reach their full potential as individuals, leaders and agents of progress and Nigeria as a nation clearly needs their energy, their participation and their skills for development, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) has said.

Speaking at the 2012 international youth day in Abuja, the Country Representative of UNFPA to Nigeria, Ms. Victoria Afua Akyeampong reasoned that young people in Nigeria were growing up in a world that was changing with unprecedented speed.

However, she observed that they possessed the dynamism and imaginations that could also respond to these challenges in innovative ways.

Last week was set aside to celebrate young people across all spectrum of life and showcase the outstanding works done by young people around Nigeria.

As Nigeria joins in the celebration of the week, the UNFPA country representative submitted that the country must pause to consider the fact that about a third of Nigeria’s population was under the age of 30, therefore, a great asset to the country and an enormous potential for national development.

She noted that it was the vision of the UNFPA to deliver a world where the potential of each of these individuals could be fulfilled.

The theme for this year’s celebration, “Building a better World: Partnering with young people”, recognises the potential and energy that young people in Nigeria have to offer and that they could be effective partners for a better Nigeria.

Akyeampong insisted that young people could develop their latent talents for the development of Nigeria saying, “young people can transform the social and economic fortunes of this great nation, but this can only happen if actions on health, (including sexual and reproductive health) education and employment are taken; as well as a commitment to real civic engagement.”

She observed that although Nigeria had made some progress in advancing young people’s health and development, it still lagged behind in many areas.

The UNFPA boss said that government needed to increase its investment in young people and partner with them to harness their energies, dynamism and potential for national development.

She added: “In April this year, the United Nations Commission on Population and Development drew attention to the urgent need to invest in the youth and protect their human rights to better equip them to adapt to our rapidly changing world and to seize opportunities for jobs and political participation. This includes the right to have control over and decide freely and responsibly on matters related to their sexuality, including access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights, free from coercion, discrimination and violence.”

She reiterated that the UNFPA had a long track record of building alliances and forging partnerships with governments, development partners and youth organisations and helped leverage investments in young people, particularly those who were poor, vulnerable and socially excluded.



The Guardian news

On Mile Two-Badagry Expressway, muggers reign


Badagry-1
AS usual, Mrs. Theresa Oboro, 61, left her fish shop at Agbara Town last Tuesday at about 7.30 p.m., boarding an 18-seater commuter bus for her home behind Lagos State University (LASU), Ojo, Lagos.

Before the bus got to Federal Government College, Ijanikin, about four kilometres away, the number of passengers had risen to 15-five females , 10 males ,excluding the driver and the bus conductor.

According to Oboro, the screeching of tyres on the sandy football field between the College and the Federal Roads Safety Commission (FRSC) woke her from her reverie.

Suddenly, she knew that something unusual was about to happen.

She had no more than 10 seconds to switch off her two phones, tuck them into a purse and chucked it between the seat and the body of the bus.

She, however, had no time to get out of her bag the cash sales of the day amounting to over N75,000 before the orders rang out from two ‘passengers’ who were menacingly pointing pistols at the faces of the others, warning them to “co-operate or else blood, will flow now, now”.

According to her, one of the ‘passengers’ on the front seat was one of two robbers while the second sat in the middle seat.

“It was the robber in the front seat that ordered the driver to divert off into the sandy football field. It was already dark. The field was empty. Other vehicles zoomed past us without an inkling of what was happening to us a few metres from the potholed-section of the expressway.

“One by one, all the passengers were asked to disembark. The men were searched and all their phones, wallets and money taken from them. The women’s bags were yanked from us and bras squeezed for hidden cash,” she said.

According to Oboro, the entire operation did not take more than a few minutes.

“The operation over, all of us were herded back into the bus, the driver ordered to drive back to the road and warned that a ‘shout from just one person and we will shoot anyhow, do you all understand?’ and we nodded our heads.

“The driver and the conductor were also frisked and robbed. It was at the point of driving back unto the tarred road that we noticed by the roadside, a parked motorcycle, the rider astride it and the engine running.

The robbers ran to it, all three climbed on and rode off in the opposite direction,” she said.

What Oboro and her fellow passengers went through, now seems a regular occurrence on the Mile Two-Badagry Expressway.

Many commuter bus drivers yesterday confirmed similar stories of occupants of vehicles in traffic hold up, after dusk, being robbed between Trade Fair Bus Stop to Ojo Barracks and Okokomaiko stretch of the road.

One such driver plying Mile Two-Okokomaiko, Jelili Mumunni, told The Guardian: “ For the past three or four weeks, we have been seeing these armed robbers harassing motorists and their passengers , especially once it is getting dark.

“They swoop on vehicles in twos or threes , threatening to shoot anyone who fails to cooperate . The worst spots for these robberies are Trade Fair Bus Stop and from Barracks to Iyana-Oba bus stops.

“We thank God whenever we drive past those notorious places without incident.”

Another bus driver, Tosin, said he robbers might not be unconnected with soldiers at Ojo Barracks .

“Since there is now so much security checks at the barracks, some idle and reckless relations of soldiers have come back to the expressway in the evening to waylay innocent people.

Robberies on the expressway went down at a time until recently.

The traffic jam and the bad portions of the expressway seem to be helping these robbers a lot and truly, the key to stopping robberies on the expressway lies in the barracks.

“Will the police go into the barracks to arrest fleeing robbers? Are the soldiers in the barracks likely to fish out their children or relatives implicated in robbing people on the highway?” he asked.

A taxi driver also at Mile 2, Joe Etuk, said the deplorable, pothole-filled international highway that traps vehicles for hours-on end affords the jobless youths ample time to swoop on vehicles and rob the occupants.

He also suggested that the night trading at Iyana-Oba and Alaba Rago bus stops should either be banned or the traders relocated further inside to clear the road of traffic hold up.

“We know that government does not have funds to reconstruct the expressway yet. But it can afford to do little portions such as the relocation of the markets at Iyano-Oba and Alaba Rago inside, far from the expressway for traffic to flow well.”

The Lagos State Police Command spokesman, Ngozi Braide, an Assistant Superintendent said police divisions in the area had been instructed to increase surveillance in those trouble-spots.

She gave assurance that the Command was ready to ensure that the diminishing rate of crime, including armed robbery, was even improved upon.

She called on Lagosians to always give useful information to the police.



The Guardian news

Mali’s interim president unveils new posts in transition shake-up


TRAORE-1
INTERIM President of Mali, Dioncounda Traore, has announced the creation of a number of new top-level government positions in a shake-up of a transitional team heavily criticised for failing to tackle the country’s twin crises.

Mali, once seen as a rare stable democracy in a tumultuous region, has been split in two since a coup on March 22 paved the way for a military advance by northern separatists and al Qaeda-linked Islamists.

Traore was named interim president as part of a deal that saw a military junta return leadership of the country to civilian authorities. A transitional government was formed under Prime Minister Cheick Modibo Diarra, a former National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astrophysicist and political novice, to usher Mali to elections and reconquer the north.

But, three months on, crippled by internal bickering, it has achieved little.

Traore has spent much of his short tenure in France recovering from injuries he sustained in May when a pro-coup mob broke into his offices and beat him up. He only returned to Mali on Friday.

In a speech broadcast on state television on Sunday night, Traore, according to Reuters, called on Malians to forgive one another and unite behind efforts to end the political crisis in the south and reunify the country.



The Guardian news

Sudan turns down summit with the South


Al-bashir
PRESIDENT Omar Hassan al-Bashir of Sudan has turned down an invitation from the African Union to meet his South Sudan counterpart, Salva Kiir to move forward stalled talks to end hostilities.

The development came as Sudanese police yesterday used teargas and batons to disperse more than 1,000 protesters in the city of Nyala in the country’s western Darfur region.

Witnesses said the protesters chanted “No, no to high prices” and “The people want to change the regime.”

Arabic satellite news channel Al-Arabiya quoted medical sources as saying four people had been killed and 50 injured in the protests, but the report could not be immediately verified. There was no immediate comment from the Sudanese police.

Sudan and South Sudan came close to war when border fighting escalated in April, the worst violence since South Sudan declared its independence a year ago under a 2005 agreement that ended decades of civil war.

African Union-sponsored talks between negotiators from both sides have ground to a halt over disputed issues including where to mark the border and how much landlocked South Sudan should pay to export oil through northern pipelines.

The two countries face the threat of sanctions from the UN Security Council if they do not resolve their disputes by Thursday.

Former South African President Thabo Mbeki, the AU’s mediator, invited Bashir to meet Kiir in Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa today, Sudan’s foreign ministry told SUNA.

But Bashir turned down the meeting because of a previously scheduled visit to Qatar, the ministry said.

“The government prefers that such a summit should be held after good preparation and planning,” ministry spokesman El-Obeid Morawah told the state news agency.

He said a presidents’ summit “should not discuss details of negotiations but finalise certain issues to get positive results for the situation of both countries”.

The two sides have made progress on oil talks but have still not reached an agreement, Morawah said. Talks over the disputed border will resume on Wednesday, he said.

There was no immediate comment from South Sudan or the African Union.



The Guardian news

INEC won’t recognise parties with factions


INEC-logo
POLITICAL parties with factions may henceforth find it difficult getting the recognition of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in future elections.

Such parties are expected to have resolved their differences and put their houses in order before getting the nod of the national electoral body, which has the mandate to recognise only united parties.

The Chairman of INEC, Prof. Attahiru Jega, told reporters yesterday in Ilorin at the Second National Conference of the INEC and the State Independent Electoral Commission (SIEC) that election matters in all contemporary democracies remained a germane issue to stabilising the polity.

“In INEC we do not recognise factions, we recognise legitimately, properly and legally registered political parties. We have already communicated that to the parties. So I don’t need to start mentioning names.

“As far as we are concerned we have looked at the ‘quarrels’ and we have advised those that we know are wrong to go and look at the constitution and take appropriate measures. We deal with the party properly registered under the law,” he said.

Worried about the haphazard organisation and conduct of some polls by SIECs during the councils’ polls in some states of the Federation, Jega told the participants from the 36 states of the Federation and Abuja that it was time for the two electoral bodies to come together with a view to learning from one another towards securing the future of the country’s political terrain.

As a first step to the realisation of the ideal electoral body at the state level, he believed that there must be financial autonomy and flawless legal frameworks to guarantee the independence of the SIECs.

But the Consumers’ Rights Project (CRP) has called for the abolition of state electoral commissions, saying that the agencies had become willing tools through which state governors manipulate the electoral process in favour of their political parties.

Addressing a press conference yesterday in Lagos on the state of the nation, the convener of the group, Mr. Uche Onu, noted that there was an urgent need for the constitution to be amended so as to abolish the agencies.

According to Onu, the political space is still enmeshed in deep-seated anomalies like godfatherism, non-equal playing ground, and non-adherence to electoral and constitutional provisions by the political class.

These lapses, Onu stressed, must be urgently addressed so as to significantly and positively change the modus operandi of the electoral process.

He added that recent experience had shown that the state electoral commissions were always willing to dance to the tune of the state governors even without prompting.

On the economy, the CRP convener noted that worldwide, the yardstick for measuring performance of any economy included the physical wellbeing, infrastructure base, the welfare and security of the citizenry, but that Nigeria had not fared well in these areas since 1999.

“There is joblessness, non-functional health and education facilities, collapse of the transportation sector, total collapse of every critical sector of the economy.

“Also, there is high infant and mortality rates, lack of access to good medicare - all pointing to the fact that the country’s angling to meet Millennium Development Goal targets are just but a mirage,” Onu lamented.

On the way forward, Onu advocated less reliance on oil and much attention on other critical sectors of the economy like agriculture.

He added that government must now be serious about the fight against corruption.

Onu insisted that those found to be culpable in the mismanagement of petroleum support fund otherwise known as petrol subsidy must be dealt with in accordance with the law and that the case already in court must be made to end at a logical conclusion.

He said it was more worrisome that those indicted in the petrol subsidy fraud were children and relatives of influential Nigerians and chieftains of the ruling party.



The Guardian news

Anti-corruption agencies begin training of risk assessors



ICPC-EFCC
ANTI-CORRUPTION agencies such as the Independent Corrupt Practices and other related Offences Commission (ICPC), Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP) and the Technical Unit on Governance and Anti-Corruption Reforms (TUGAR) have begun the training of 100 anti-corruption risk assessors, whose duty would be to identify structures that encourage corruption in government ministries and agencies with the aim of preventing the menace.

At a recent event held in Abuja to announce the commencement of the training, Acting Chairman of ICPC, Mr. Ekpo Nta, said that it was better to prevent corruption than to prosecute it.

According to him, by the time the crime was committed, anti corruption agencies would have to spend more money to prosecute it. On the other hand, those who committed the crime were empowered to fight prosecution with the money they had stolen.

Ekpo noted that the Commission and sister law enforcement and anti-corruption agencies must resist the temptation of being drawn into rivalry or working at cross purposes in their quest to fight corruption.

Nta said that anti-corruption agencies should rather remain firmly committed to their respective mandates, improve on their performance ratings and overcome challenges with the common goal and determination of making Nigeria a country of pride.

On the fight against corruption, he noted that the ICPC had imbibed the preventive approach to corruption in addition to its function of prosecuting corruption, because systems review was also part of its six points mandate.

This he said had found expression in training of Corruption Risk Assessors in collaboration with UNDP, Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP) and the Technical Unit on Governance and Anti-Corruption reforms (TUGAR).

The eight weeks training commenced on August 26 comprising of online and face-to-face sessions and would be conducted in conjunction with UNDP Virtual School in Geneva.

“Corruption remains the bane of development in Nigeria and indeed most developing economies of the world with weak public institutions. The only viable option to achieving good governance is to effectively control the incidence and magnitude of corruption through proper legislation.

“ICPC shares one of its mandates; enforcement/prosecution, with other law enforcement agencies. This mode dispenses sanctions and serves as deterrent. However, prevention is the most successful mode of corruption prevention in contemporary anti-corruption efforts worldwide,” he said.

Director General of National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), Mr. Femi Ajayi, who was present at the event urged government agencies to live up to their responsibilities by rendering adequate services to the people as a way of preventing corruption.

According to him, corruption thrives when people were forced to take the short cut, because government agencies were failing in their duties. He said that providing basic amenities such as water and electricity was an anti-corruption measure. “But when people have to provide all these by themselves, they will be predisposed to corruption”, he said, adding that if Nigeria could get it right with power reforms, corruption will be reduced.



The Guardian news

The power of positive employee recognition



Wogu-minister
PEOPLE, who feel appreciated are more positive about themselves and their ability to contribute. People with positive self-esteem are potentially your best employees.

These beliefs about employee recognition are common among employers even if not commonly carried out. Why then is employee recognition so closely guarded in many organisations?

Time is an often-stated reason and admittedly, employee recognition does take time. Employers also start out with all of the best intentions when they seek to recognise employee performance. But, they often find their recognition efforts turn into employee complaining, jealousy, and dissatisfaction. With these experiences, many employers are hesitant to provide employee recognition.

However, employee recognition is scarce because of a combination of several factors. People don’t know how to provide employee recognition effectively, so they have bad experiences when they do. They assume that one size fits all when they provide employee recognition.

Finally, employers think too narrowly about what people will find rewarding and recognising. These guidelines and ideas will help you effectively walk the slippery path of employee recognition and avoid potential problems when you recognise people in your work place.

Many organisations use a scatter approach to employee recognition. They put a lot of employee recognition out there and hope that some efforts will stick and create the results they want. Or, they recognise so infrequently that employee recognition becomes a downer for the many when the infrequent few are recognised.

Instead, create goals and action plans for employee recognition. You want to recognise the actions, behaviours, approaches, and accomplishments that you want to foster and reinforce in your organisation. Establish employee recognition opportunities that emphasise and reinforce these sought-after qualities and behaviors. If you need to increase attendance in your organisation, hand out a three-part form, during your Monday morning staff meeting.

The written note thanks employees, who have perfect attendance that week. The employee keeps one part, save the second in the personnel file, place the third in a monthly drawing for gift certificates. People need to see that each person who makes the same or a similar contribution has an equal likelihood of receiving recognition for her efforts.

For regularly provided employee recognition, organisations need to establish criteria for what makes a person eligible for the employee recognition. Anyone who meets the criteria is then recognised.

For example, if people are recognised for exceeding a production or sales expectation, anyone who goes over the goal gets the glory. Recognising only the highest performer will defeat or dissatisfy all of your other contributors, especially if the criteria for employee recognition are unclear or based on the supervisor’s opinion.

Each employee, who stays after work to contribute ideas in a departmental improvement brainstorming session gets to have lunch with the department head, for example. Each employee, who contributes to a customer sale deserves employee recognition, even the employee who just answered the phone, his actions set the sale in motion.

This guideline is why an employee of the month-type program is most often unsuccessful for effective employee recognition. The criteria for results and the fairness of the criteria are not clear to people. So, people complain about “brown-nosing points” and the boss’s “pet employees.”

These employee recognition programs cause discontent and dissention when the organisation’s intentions were positive. It’s one of the common management mistakes in managing people.

As an additional example, it is important to recognise all people, who contributed to a success equally. A CEO I know perpetually announced employee recognition for major projects at the company holiday celebration. Without fail, he missed the names of several people who contributed to the success of the project. With the opportunity for public employee recognition past, employees invariably felt slighted by the post-banquet thanks - no matter how sincere.

Contradictory? No, not really. You want to offer employee recognition that is consistently fair, but you also want to make sure your employee recognition efforts do not become expectations or entitlements. As expectations, your employee recognition efforts become entitlements. Bad news.

For example, a company owner provided lunch for all staff every Friday to encourage team building and positive work relationships. All interested employees voluntarily attended the lunches. He was shocked when a group of employees asked him for reimbursement to cover the cost of the lunch on days they did not attend. I wasn’t shocked; the lunches had become an expected portion of their compensation and benefits package. Sincere recognition had turned into entitlement.

Inconsistency is encouraged in the type of employee recognition offered also. If employees are invited to lunch with the boss every time they work over-time, the lunch is an expectation. It is no longer a reward. Additionally, if a person does not receive the expected reward, it becomes a dissatisfier and negatively impacts the person’s attitude about work.

The work purpose of feedback is to reinforce what you’d like to see the employee do more of, the purpose of employee recognition is the same. In fact, employee recognition is one of the most powerful forms of feedback that you can provide. While “you did a nice job today” is a positive comment, it lacks the power of, “the report had a significant impact on the committee’s decision. You did an excellent job of highlighting the key points and information we needed to weigh before deciding. Because of your work, we’ll be able to cut 6 per cent of the budget with no layoffs.”

When a person performs positively, provide recognition and a thank you immediately. Since it’s likely the employee is already feeling good about her performance, your timely recognition of the employee will enhance the positive feelings. This, in turn, positively affects the employee’s confidence in her ability to do well in your organisation.

Each individual has a preference for what he finds rewarding and how that recognition is most effective for him. One person may enjoy public recognition at a staff meeting, another prefers a private note in her personnel file. The best way to determine what an employee finds rewarding is to ask.

In organisations, people place too much emphasis on money as the only form of employee recognition. While salary, bonuses, and benefits are critical within your employee recognition and reward system - after all, most of us do work for money - think more broadly about your opportunities to provide employee recognition.


The Guardian news

Deadline on airport projects threatened as work drags


Oduah
EVEN when everything, such as the slow pace of work and paucity of funds point to the fact that the December 2012 deadline for fixing 11 of the nation’s airports is no longer realistic, the Federal Government insists that the target will be met.

While it however admits that the task is daunting, the government says it is forging ahead with the projects to give Nigerians and other stakeholders in the aviation sector airports, which meet global standards.

When The Guardian visited some of the airports being re-modelled by the government at the cost of N14 billion, it discovered that except for the Aminu Kano International Airport in Kano, no significant progress had been made in the others.

The Ministry of Aviation, which initiated and oversees the projects, had set April 2012 for their completion but later shifted the deadline to December of the same year.

But four months to the new target, there are strong indications that the government’s plan to complete the work within the period is no longer certain.

Some senior officials of the Ministry of Aviation and its affiliate agencies who spoke with The Guardian on the ongoing work on the airports, said the decay in the facilities and in the industry was under-estimated by the government when the projects were initiated.

At the nation’s airports in Lagos, Abuja, Kano, Port Harcourt, Calabar, Yola, Owerri, Benin, Kaduna, Ilorin and Sokoto, the decay is pervasive and the same overhaul is planned for them.

Early this year, Aviation Minister, Stella Oduah-Ogiemwonyi, who tagged the entire project as an “emergency measure,” had assured Nigerians that the airports’ repairs would be completed before last April.

The worst affected are the Murtala Muhammed Airport, Lagos and Port Harcourt, where work on the facilities is yet to reach 50 per cent level of completion.

The remodelling of the airports under the first phase as planned by the minister started in the third quarter of 2011, with the completion time set for six months.

The situation has however changed and Oduah-Ogiemwonyi explained the job being done by the government “goes beyond remodelling” the airports.

“We are actually restructuring and reconstructing the airports. We are doubling the sizes of the terminals and changing all the facilities and utilities within the airports. So, you can’t call that remodelling.

“That is what we are doing to ensure that passengers have safe mode of air transportation and we want to ensure that passengers have value for their money. We also want every Nigerian and the stakeholders to be proud of the environment of our airports. It’s a total transformation of the aviation sector,” she said.

Spokesman of Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), Akin Olukunle, said the level of decay was beyond what was envisaged by the government, a situation, which he said, led to the delay in the completion of the exercise.

He, however, assured airport users that the government would make the facilities meet international standards when the airports are fixed.

Olukunle said: “If you look at the level of work and other new challenges, you will appreciate what we have done. The government wants to meet international standards in what we want to give to the airport users. The level of decay is beyond what was contemplated in the first place in terms of transformation.

“For instance, the Kano Airport will soon be ready. We have finished the transformation work there and a few other places too. We are at 70 per cent stage in most of the airports, including the General Aviation Terminal at the Murtala Muhammed Airport in Lagos.”

Stakeholders in the sector however said the slow pace of work might not be unconnected with paucity of funds, but the spokesman to the Aviation Minister, Mr. Toyin Okpaise, told The Guardian that the projects were going according to plans. He insisted that the 11 airports would be completed before December.

Shocked by poor state of the infrastructure at the airports, the minister had announced plans to give them a face-lift at the cost of N14 billion. But while Oduah-Ogiemwonyi put the cost at N14 billion, the Managing Director of FAAN, George Uriesi, said N19 billion would be needed to complete the work.

An airline operator, who pleaded anonymity, said airlines and passengers were the worst hit by the projects as he alleged that it was taking too long to complete them.

The source cited the case of Port Harcourt International Airport as one that appeared to be abandoned and called on the minister to put pressure on the contractors to speed up the pace of work.

President, Aviation Round Table (ART), Capt. Dele Ore, asked: “What is the contract scope of each of the airports? What is the pedigree of each of the contractors? What is the level of liquidity available to each of the contractors?

He stated that with the “shoddy jobs” done at the airports, it was obvious that those who have the capacity to do the job were not considered.

Others such as the Secretary of the Air Transport Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (ATSSSAN), Abul Razak Animashaun, said the workers expected 80 per cent completion of work at this time but lamented that it was still at 50 per cent.

“Work is going on as you can see but we are not comfortable with the slow pace. By now, we expected that the work will at least reach 80 per cent completion level but as it is now, it is just at 50 per cent. The slow pace of work is really affecting activities at the airports. We appeal to the government to do something to fast-track the exercise,” he said.

The Head of the Department of Public Affairs of the Airport, Ola Ogundolapo, said the delay in the projects was caused by the rains.

Meanwhile, stakeholders have alleged that Dana Air plane crash of June 3, 2012 has led to a significant drop in flights within the country.

They claimed that most air travellers were still afraid of flying the nation’s domestic airlines.

The operators feared that if nothing was done to address the situation, the few airlines might go into liquidation as revenue had significantly dropped due to low patronage.

At the Murtala Muhammed Airport, Lagos Terminal 2 (MMA2), only a few passengers were seen at the airport at the weekend to embark on trips to some parts of the country.

An aviation consultant and Chief Executive Officer of Belujane Konzult Limited, Chris Aligbe, told The Guardian that the current drop in the passenger traffic was a usual thing because people always withdraw from air travel whenever there was a crash.

Aligbe said to improve the passenger traffic frequency, “we need to make more flights available that will make the fares attractive to passengers. So, when the passengers are sure of their safety and the competitions is there, then fares will come down and more people are able to fly than they are flying now,” he noted.

The Director, Research and Strategy Zenith Travel and Tours, Olumide Ohunayo, said after a crash, “naturally enplanement drops, but coincidentally, about three domestic airlines also stopped operations, thereby reducing frequency and capacity in the market at a rate higher than the aftershock.”



The Guardian news

Obama, Romney in a close race as conventions kick off


Obama_Romney
IF a new opinion poll released yesterday is to be trusted, President Barack Obama and the man who wants his job, Republican Mitt Romney, are now locked in a close race for the White House, with the challenger one point ahead.

As the two candidates head into their parties’ conventions, beginning this week with the Republicans, the state of the United States (U.S.) economy remains the dominant election theme, more than other issues, including abortion, that have roiled the political debate in recent weeks.

A Washington Post/ABC News survey of registered voters claimed that Romney has crept ahead of the incumbent, 47 percent to 46 per cent, a figure barely changed from early July.

More than eight in 10 voters give the economy poor marks, according to the Post, while 50 per cent said they trust Romney more to handle the economy, compared with 43 per cent for Obama.

A majority of respondents said they don’t believe either candidate has what it takes to turn the struggling economy around. A full 58 per cent stated that they were “not confident” that the economy will improve if Obama wins a second term, while 52 per cent expressed a similar lack of confidence in Romney.

Romney has made only slight gains in the weeks since he chose Paul Ryan, the powerful House Budget Committee chairman, as his running mate.

And while Ryan’s plans to overhaul entitlement programmes like Medicare, the government health care programme for retirees, are viewed negatively by about two to one, according to the survey, a full two thirds of respondents said Romney’s VP pick would make no difference in their vote, with the remainder evenly split on whether it makes them more or less likely to vote for Romney.

Obama’s re-election campaign has battered Romney, a multimillionaire investor and former governor of Massachusetts, for his refusal to release more than two years of tax returns, but just 20 per cent of respondents see Romney’s handling of his taxes as a major issue.



The Guardian news

Military industry and national economy


Dicon_goodluck__
CURRENT official measures to position the Defence Industries Corporation of Nigeria (DICON) into spearheading a military industrial complex, and consequently a major economic catalyst may be a bit late, coming 48 years into its establishment; but it is nevertheless a cheery development being in tandem with endeavours of military authorities worldwide, and as a measure to revive the ailing national economy. It will be necessary to harmonise the corporation’s plans with the wider national economic blueprint.

Truly, the military is not meant only for war; it has other important collateral functions that are healthy for the overall economic development of society. This conventional truth may not have been emphasised in these parts due to the rent-seeking political and military classes, but a renewed awareness appeared to have dawned on the Nigerian military to boost its industrial capacity by manufacturing some of its basic military wares. The 2012 Nigeria Army Day celebration provided opportunity for the military to showcase its know-how in this respect as President Goodluck Jonathan commissioned DICON’s tactical ballistic (bullet proof) vest factory complex, a joint-venture undertaking with the Israeli firm, Maron-Dolphin. It will produce ancillary military wares. Earlier, the Nigerian Navy had its own Seaward Defence Boat commissioned, while the Armoured Personnel Carriers (APCs) produced by the Nigerian Army Engineering Corps was also commissioned by the President. These developments constitute a basis for optimism given the fact that when DICON was established about 48 years ago, it aimed at achieving a measure of self-sufficiency in the production of required military wares for the Nigerian armed forces.

The central issue is that the country is on the path to building a military industrial complex, not in the sense of rent-seeking and clientelistic relationship between politicians and defence industry players that has come to characterise its usage, but rather its economy of scale and domino effect. Defence industry has been a leader elsewhere in terms of creativity and invention of cutting-edge technologies. Widely used communications gadgets today such as Internet communication technology are of military provenance. This is the type of chain effect that a flourishing defence industry in the country would have on the national economy. In budgetary terms, it will bottom out the capital expenditure on importation of military hardware, as it will invariably reduce unemployment in the country. It should be encouraged. The President spoke well when he said that before any importation, it had to be proven beyond doubt that the country is not producing the products. Such a policy has the potential to ensure a central role for the defence industry in the national economy and up its contribution to the Gross National Products (GDP).

This is the case in Egypt and Pakistan, two countries whose military administrations play significant role in economic development. The Egyptian National Service Project Organisation (NSPO), a Ministry of Defence subsidiary, focuses on production of civilian goods, beyond the manufacturing of military wares. By some estimate in 1985 alone, the Egyptian army contributed about 18 per cent of the total Egyptian food production and by 1994, the Egyptian army owned 16 factories that employed about 75,000 workers and producing 40 per cent solely for the civilian market. The army also participates in the management and production of water and electricity, beside construction works. The Pakistani military is an octopus with presence in every sector of the country’s economy, beside the Pakistan Ordnance Factory and Heavy Industry Texila, which produce a wide range of items for use within the country and abroad. The nuclear-armed military maintains a national logistic cell with a transport fleet comprising 2,000 heavy-duty vehicles. Pakistan Army and Frontier Work Organisation have jointly constructed and maintained critical communication networks, all of these without any financial assistance from the government.

Before now, the Nigerian army missed the opportunity to develop Nigeria’s military industrial complex. The inventiveness of the secessionist enclave of Biafra could have, with the right leadership, provided the pioneering base for a robust defence industry after the civil war. The U.S. armament industry was similarly sired by its 19th century civil war. That country harnessed all the by-products of the war to build a strong defence industry that is the envy of the world today.

DICON needs to be augmented by a few more assembly lines to make it a truly industrial military complex to the rebound of the national economy. It should not become another white elephant project, and should be carefully steered away from corruption and the meddlesomeness of the political class. Importantly, the minders of defence establishment should synergise with research institutions/universities to harness budding ideas that will enhance not only the military, but other sectors of the economy. This can also bring the whole idea of ‘medium power’ back on the agenda. But projects like this are not always favoured by the industrial giants in the West that may attempt to stifle this initiative and constitute real constraint to the blossoming of the country’s objectives. There is need to sharpen mettle to confront this challenge when it arises.



The Guardian news

Dealing with drowning



BAR-BEACH
SINCE the mid-1980s, the Atlantic Ocean in Lagos has been surging ashore without warning at daytime or nighttime. During such occurrences, shanties erected by worshippers on the beaches or for hire to tourists were usually swept into the ocean. No records of human casualty have been available in the previous incidents until last weekend’s in which 10 people were confirmed drowned while six or more are yet to be accounted for at the Kuramo Beach, eastward of Bar Beach, ocean surge.

The government is worried. The residents are sad. Tourism will receive a knock. Medical experts look at drowning and what can be done.

The Chairman, Nigeria Medical Association (NMA), Lagos Chapter, Dr. Francis Faduyile, in a telephone chat with The Guardian yesterday said: “What happened is part of the poverty thing in Nigeria. The housing issue and Alma Ata Declaration of 1978 that housing is necessary, the health and total wellbeing of individuals are necessary for the overall development of any nation. The people drowned with those affected is because they do not have homes to lay at night except reclining on the beach at night and loafing around at dawn. For good health we have to make sure that citizens have adequate housing.”

Faduyile said it is unfortunate that these people were swept away by ocean surge. He said the way to prevent future occurrence is for government to look at its housing policy to make housing adequate, accessible and affordable. “These people were living under tents and most of them were there because they did not have better alternatives,” the NMA chairman said.

He said the area should be evacuated and the government should find alternatives for people living in the area. “Because of the deaths, they should clean up and decontaminate the area,” Faduyile said.

The medical doctor said government should find a long-lasting solution to break the waves of the ocean. “If you travel along the coast to Ghana you will see what other African countries have done and are doing to address the ocean surge. Our government should borrow a leaf from these proactive countries,” Faduyile said.

The NMA Lagos chairman said most of the dead must have been because of drowning. Faduyile described drowning as the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in liquid.

He said drowning is caused when the lungs are filled with water and oxygen cannot get into the blood due to long stay under water.

“A lack of blood oxygen can cause brain damage and death. Water in the lungs, especially contaminated water, can damage the lungs,” Faduyile said.

The medical doctor said people can drown in as little as water in a bathtub or swimming pools. “Babies can drown in a sink or bathtub. Most preschooler drowning incidents occur in swimming pools. People who have seizure disorders are also at risk in the water. Drowning can happen quickly and silently,” he said.

The NMA chairman said drowning precautions should include:

• Fences around pools; supervising children near any body of water, including tubs;

• Not swimming or boating when under the influence of alcohol or sedatives;

• Wearing life jackets when boating; and

• Learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

CPR involves doing chest compressions and rescue breathing. CPR is performed on people who are not breathing or who have no heartbeat. It may be needed in cases of cardiac arrest, respiratory failure or accidents, such as drowning. It helps keep the blood circulating to the vital organs. In addition, it helps provide oxygen to the lungs. CPR guidelines are different for an adult, child and infant.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), drowning is the third leading cause of unintentional injury death worldwide, accounting for seven per cent of all injury related deaths. The WHO, in 2004, estimated that 388,000 deaths of drowning occurred worldwide, excluding those due to natural disasters, with 96 per cent of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries.

Drowning itself is quick and silent, although it may be preceded by distress, which is more visible. A person drowning is unable to shout or call for help, or seek attention, as they cannot obtain enough air. The instinctive drowning response is the final set of autonomic reactions in the 20 to 60 seconds before sinking underwater, and to the untrained eye can look similar to calm safe behaviour. Lifeguards and other persons trained in water rescue learn to recognize drowning people by watching for these instinctive movements.

Drowning occurs more frequently in males and the young. Surveys indicate that 10 per cent of children under five have experienced a situation with a high risk of drowning.

The following definition was accepted by the World Congress on Drowning in 2002 and, subsequently, by the WHO in 2005:

“Drowning is the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in liquid.”

This definition does not imply fatality, or even the necessity for medical treatment after removal of the cause, nor that any fluid necessarily enters the lungs. The WHO further recommended: “Drowning outcomes should be classified as: Death, morbidity, and no morbidity. There was also consensus that the terms wet, dry, active, passive, silent, and secondary drowning should no longer be used.”

The National President of NMA, Dr. Osahon Enabulele, explained how drowning leads to death: “If water enters the airways of a conscious victim, the victim will try to cough up the water or swallow it, thus inhaling more water involuntarily. Upon water entering the airways, both conscious and unconscious victims experience laryngospasm, that is the larynx or the vocal cords in the throat constrict and seal the air tube. This prevents water from entering the lungs. Because of this laryngospasm, water enters the stomach in the initial phase of drowning and very little water enters the lungs.

“Unfortunately, this can interfere with air entering the lungs, too. In most victims, the laryngospasm relaxes some time after unconsciousness and water can enter the lungs causing a ‘wet drowning’. However, about 10-15 per cent of victims maintain this seal until cardiac arrest. This is called ‘dry drowning’, as no water enters the lungs.

“In forensic pathology, water in the lungs indicates that the victim was still alive at the point of submersion. Absence of water in the lungs may be either a dry drowning or indicates a death before submersion.”

A study published in Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal and titled: “Drowning in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: An autopsy study of 85 cases,” concluded: “Death from drowning is a common but preventable public health problem in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, since most of the victims drowned accidentally mainly due to lifestyle and psychosocial problem.”

Dr. Seleye-Fubara Daye, Dr. Etebu Ebitimitula Nicholas, and Dr. Ijomone Esse of the Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, studied the frequency distribution of gender, age, cause and circumstances of drowning in the Niger Delta, using autopsy.

The autopsies were performed and reported by the authors covering January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2009, after being served with the coroner’s inquest forms by the police. Bio-data and other variables were the age, sex, the environment in which the bodies were recovered and the pattern of death of the victims. The photographs used were taken by police at autopsy.

A total of 85 drowned persons were studied during the period under review. The youngest was a year-old male and the oldest was a 76-year-old male. Males were 63 (74.1 per cent) and females 22 (25.9 per cent), giving a male to female ratio of 2.9:1. The highest frequency of death occurred in the age group 50-59 years 21 (24.7 per cent). Most of the bodies 48 (56.5 per cent) drowned in the river, accidental drowning was the most common circumstances of death, 68 (80.0 per cent) and asphyxial death was the most common pattern of death, 72 (84.7 per cent).



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